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Chardon de Croisilles
Chardon de Croisilles or de Reims (''fl''. 1220–45) was an Old French trouvère and possibly an Occitan troubadour. He was probably from Croisilles,〔Either Croisilles, Pas-de-Calais or Croisilles, Eure-et-Loir.〕 but perhaps Reims. He is associated with the school of trouvères in and around Arras. Chardon wrote four ''chansons d'amour'', two ''jeux partis'', and one ''partimen''.
In two of his ''chansons'' Chardon represented Marguerite de Bourbon, the wife (from 1232) of Theobald I of Navarre, in acrostics. Based on this and another internal reference to the castle of Monreal near Pamplona, whereat Theobald was staying in 1237, it is thought that Chardon joined Theobald's Crusade, which left for the Holy Land in 1237. Henry II of Bar, who adjudicated one of Chardon's ''jeux partis'', also went on Crusade with Theobald.
All Chardon's French poems use pedes and cauda: the ''chansons'' are decasyllabic, the ''jeux partis'' octosyllabic. His only surviving melodies, for ''Mar vit raison covoite trop haut'' and ''Rose ne lis ne me done talent'', are non-repetitive. A fifth ''chanson'', no longer ascribed to Chardon, ''Li departirs de la douce contree'', is notable for the simplicity of its melody compared to the "floridity" of that of ''Rose ne lis''.
A poet named Chardo (or Cardo) wrote a ''partimen'' (the Occitan version of a ''jeu parti'') with an otherwise unidentified poet named Uc. The rubric ''La tenzo del chardo e den ugo'' ("The ''tenso'' of () Chardo and of Lord Hugh") appears in the manuscript. While Chardo's half, ''N'Ugo, cauzetz, avans que respondatz'', survives, Uc's poem has disappeared. Oskar Schultz-Gora (1884) first proposed to identify the troubadour with the trouvère, an identification accepted by Hermann Suchier in his edition (1907), followed by G. Huet (1908), Adolphe Guesnon (1909) and István Frank (1966). The identification was disputed by Vincenzo De Bartholomaeis (1906) and John H. Marshall.〔Ruth Harvey and Linda Paterson, eds. (2010), ''The Troubadour ''Tensos'' and ''Partimens'': A Critical Edition'', Gallica 14 (Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, ISBN 978-1-84384-197-5), p. 258.〕 Suchier dated the ''partimen'' to ''c''. 1240.
==Notes==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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